Knowledgebase
Blonding on large Evergreen tree #925856
Asked March 11, 2026, 2:11 PM EDT
Hillsborough County New Hampshire
Expert Response
Subject: Follow-up: Evergreen Tree Health Inquiry
Hello Steven,
Thank you for contacting the UNH Extension Infoline regarding your evergreen tree. Following your inquiry on March 11, 2026, we have reviewed the details and photos you provided.
Based on the visual evidence, the damage to your tree—specifically the significant bark loss and dead lower branches—suggests the tree is in a state of advanced decline. While it may look like woodpeckers are the primary cause of the damage, their activity is actually a "red flag" that the tree is likely infested with wood-boring insects, such as bark beetles. The birds are simply peeling back the bark to reach the larvae living inside.
Observations & Likely Causes:
- Bark Beetle Infestation: Small bore holes and stripped bark are typical indicators of beetles (such as Southern or Western Pine Beetles). Their larvae feed on the phloem layer, which cuts off the tree's nutrient flow.
- Woodpecker Activity: Large sections of bark being "sloughed" off are often the result of woodpeckers (like the Pileated Woodpecker) foraging for those larvae.
- Environmental Stress: Factors like drought or water stress often make trees more susceptible to these infestations.
- Tree Identification: To determine if your tree is a Spruce or a Hemlock, try rolling a needle between your fingers. If it rolls easily (square), it’s a Spruce. If it is flat with two white stripes on the underside, it’s a Hemlock.
Next Steps:
We recommend checking the top of the tree; if the needles are turning a rusty red or brown, it is a strong sign of a fatal infestation.
Because the tree may have become a safety hazard, we strongly suggest reaching out to an ISA Certified Arborist for an on-site inspection. They can determine if the tree can be saved through treatment or if removal is necessary.
We are committed to helping you find a solution and are happy to provide further guidance as needed.
Best regards,
Haim
Master Gardener Volunteer
UNH Extension Infoline Team
