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Seed collection mold / germination rate #915170

Asked August 24, 2025, 11:46 AM EDT

My wife started hybridizing Dahlias about 5 years ago. We've been collecting the seeds, drying them, and planting indoors in February. We're getting very low germination rates, ~10%. I think one of the main factors could be mold, we regularly get a white fuzzy mold growth in the seed starting phase. When we use commercial seeds in the same setup we don't have that problem, or not nearly as bad. The commercial seed germination rate in our setup is close to 90%. We do our best to keep the seed pods dry in the fall before removing them from the plants, we immediately dry the seeds once removed from their seed pods, and we've even tried dipping seeds in diluted bleach or h2o2. We usually do tests in batches of ~100 seeds and compare to a control sample of 100 seeds and look for a measurable difference but we're still stuck around ~10% germination with the different methods we've tried. We have other things we want to try, but my question is, are there resources out there that could help us that maybe i'm not aware of? Maybe even without mold, our seeds have some other issue and mold isn't the issue. Could we send seeds to some lab and get some insight? I'm not sure what we would even want to have tested. Any direction would be appreciated. Thanks, Travis

Washtenaw County Michigan

Expert Response

Good Morning,
Here is what I found regarding seeds:

The primary reason dahlia seeds don't germinate is that they are not viable, meaning they have a low chance of sprouting.
  • Seed maturity: For seeds to be viable, they must be collected from a fully mature seed head that has completely dried on the plant. If collected too early, the embryo inside may not be fully developed and will not sprout.
  • Poor storage: When storing your own seeds, temperature and moisture are key. Homemade seeds stored in warm, humid conditions are susceptible to fungal diseases and will lose viability quickly. Professionally packaged seeds are stored in climate-controlled environments to maintain viability.
  • Testing viability: A simple float test can indicate a seed's viability. Place seeds in water and wait 15 minutes. Viable, denser seeds will sink, while empty, non-viable seeds will float.

Manage Algae and Mold:
Small amounts of algae aren’t harmful, but unchecked growth can compete with seedlings. If you notice algae or mold, reduce watering, increase airflow, and scrape off affected areas. A light sprinkle of vermiculite can suppress algae growth. Several factors can contribute to poor germination, including old seeds, improper moisture levels, and inadequate warmth. Try using fresh seeds, ensuring consistent moisture, and providing adequate warmth.  They typically germinate readily under the right conditions, which primarily include warmth and moisture. The ideal temperature range for dahlia seed germination is between 70°F and 75°F (21°C and 24°C). Consistent moisture is also crucial; the seeds should be kept consistently damp but not waterlogged, as excessive moisture can lead to fungal diseases and inhibit germination.

I know of no area to send seeds.  It really is trial and error ensuring you document your findings.

How to Grow and Care for Dahlias - Garden.org
F144_50.pdf
How to Germinate Dahlia Seeds Successfully: Tips & Tricks - ExploreTree
Troubleshooting Seed Germination: A Flower Farmer’s Guide — Sierra Flower Farm

I hope this helps.  Thanks for using our service.
V/r, Replied August 26, 2025, 7:46 AM EDT

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