Stubborn persistence.  We cut all the plants to the ground and as new starts appeared elsewhere these too were eliminated. Still the battle went on as it showed up many feet from the original site. One could take out all the soil in the "infested" areas, but the expense and look would be significant. We finally used heavy black plastic over the entire area and patrolled the edges daily taking out the escapees. 2 years later the area is gone except for dried out sticks. If you are not up for this method, you can hire a professional to resolve the problem. Better not to ever let it start to run.

Thank you very much for your quick response.

The bamboo was well established when I bought the house but I have made headway removing rhizomes with a mattock and lopping shears. The work hurts my hands so I avoid doing it on consecutive days.

I'll try the black plastic.

Unfortunately rhizomes have spread to the yard of my neighbors who let everything grow with abandon. Do you do mediations? :)

I loved the bamboo until it went rogue. A mattock is hard on the body for sure. A trenching shovel might be easier on your hands. Get one with an O-shaped hand grip. The best way to keep the bamboo from reinvading from your neighbor is to dig a ditch 28" deep along your fence and line it with heavy duty black barrier (some are noted as just for bamboo). Heavy tarpaper can also be used but must be firmly in place. Leave the ditch open for a while to be sure it is doing its job. There are some heavy duty plant killers which can be put in the ditch as well. For more info on that, contact a company which sells bamboo for the home gardener. I am happy to say that ours has been gone for almost 2 years now.