Knowledgebase
When and how to fertilize young evergreen trees #865388
Asked April 22, 2024, 10:19 AM EDT
Hi. I planted about 25 evergreen trees North of Buena Vista (elevation +/- 8,000') in June of 2021. I planted small trees partly because of cost but also because the soil is terrible and about half cobble so really hard to dig. I also wasn't optimistic that all would survive either. They are mostly ponderosa pines and austrian pines (now about 3' - 4' tall) but also three blue spruce (now 2' - 3' tall), two scotch pines (now 5' tall) and two black hills spruce (now 2' tall). I planted them because many of the native pinon trees had died and I wanted some diversification. I have been drip irrigating in the summer and so far all have survived and grown each year.
My main question is when and how much should I be fertilizing them. So far, at the suggestion of a friend, I have not given them any nitrogen but have given root stimulant supplements. But if feels like it may be time to give them some fertilizer with nitrogen. Given the number of trees and how they're spread out, it would be easiest to use a granular product that could absorb into the soil over time.
I am also wondering how much I should be watering them. Ideally I'd wean them off irrigation over time. I have been watering once per week, typically.
I appreciate any suggestions. Thanks!
Chaffee County Colorado
Expert Response
Conifers have a lower nutrient requirement than broadleaved trees so they do not need frequent fertilization, especially species that are native to Colorado. The best time to fertilize conifers is in the early spring before new growth has started, so here, after the snow has melted from your yard is ideal. Do not fertilize conifers after July and never fertilize drought stressed trees. Use a complete fertilizer (one containing N-P-K, aka nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium). I also suggest fertilizing at half the rate recommended on the fertilizer label; that makes sure the tree is not over fertilized. Or fertilize at a rate of 0.05-0.1 lbs Nitrogen per 100 sq. ft. A slow-release granular product is a good option. Once they are mature, they do not need to be fertilized unless a soil test shows deficiencies.
A general rule of thumb for watering establishing trees is to apply 10 gallons of water per inch of tree diameter; for instance a one-inch tree will require 10 gallons of water each time it is watered. You want to make sure that the entire root zone from near the tree trunk out to the dripline (edge of the canopy) to 12 inches deep is getting moistened each time you water.
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- Denyse