Hi, 

While you could attempt to start root pruning, it probably isn't necessary for an Abelia since they have a fairly shallow root system. You usually want to do this about 6 months before moving large trees or shrubs so if you're planning on moving it this spring, that window has already passed. Usually around early to mid March is a good time to move plants, before the plant starts to push out this seasons new growth. If the weather trend for the winter still holds, earlier should be fine. Just monitor the weekly weather report.  You can review our web page for detailed information on Transplanting or if you would like to attempt root pruning for a fall transplant time. 

What would be more crucial to transplanting is ensuring you get a majority of the root ball and thoroughly watering the root mass before digging. Starting the watering a week to a few days before is a good idea to make sure the plant takes up as much water it can to help with transplant shock. Once it is replanted, follow the general guidelines for watering new planted shrubs in terms of watering and care. Don't be alarmed if some or all of the leaves fall off (if it is still holding some from the winter). This is a shock response and the plant is putting energy into re-establishing the roots. It should push out new leaf growth as it settles in. 

In terms of dividing an abelia, since it is a woody plant, most likely you won't be able to divide any of the roots. To our knowledge, abelia won't re grow from pieces of the roots either. When you do dig it up, you can examine the root crown and see if there are any suckers or shoots that can be pulled away from the main plant and try to replant those. Generally abelia are a lower cost plant available at most garden centers, so you may have better success buying a new plant. 

You are welcome to try to take photos of the plants leaves and flowers for us to attempt to identify the species, however there are many different cultivars of abelia grown and this could be difficult from just photos. Our link for tips on taking specific plant photos could help when sending any in. 

Should you have further questions with this, please feel free to reach out. 

Emily