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Discolored Maple Tree Leaves - Early Warning Sign? #879310

Asked July 29, 2024, 5:19 PM EDT

I had someone from the city out last year to inspect some Oak trees and they casually mentioned my Maple tree looked unhealthy but didn't know at the time what was wrong. I don't know the variety of maple (it was here when we moved in), but attached are pictures of the leaves & a soil test taken from various locations within 10 feet diameter of the tree. Please help me to figure out what is wrong and how to fix the issue. Thank you!

Dakota County Minnesota

Expert Response

Thanks for your question.

This is a red maple (Acer rubrum). Look at the pictures you sent. The leaves have lost chlorophyll as evidence by the yellow areas. Then look more closely at the yellow areas. The leaf veins are green. This is symptomatic of maple chlorosis. If my diagnosis is correct, there is not an immediate threat to your maple. However if ignored, this condition could worsen and ultimately lead to the demise of the tree. This is due to an insufficiency of iron and/or magnesium in the tree. A knee jerk response might be to add iron/magnesium to the soil. Unfortunately, it may not be quite that simple. If your soil is too alkaline (pH of 7.3 and higher) this may preclude your maple from taking up these nutrients even though they may be present in the soil. An optimum pH for red maple is between 6.3 to 6.7. I would strongly urge that you have a soil analysis done. Among other things, this will determine the pH of the soil around the maple and measure the iron/manganese levels of the soil. The University of Minnesota has an excellent soil analysis laboratory. I would suggest that you submit a couple of soil samples to them. Before doing so, please call them to see if they can do iron and manganese soil analyses in addition to determining soil pH. There will be a nominal charge for doing this. This should be your first step in addressing your situation. See:

https://soiltest.cfans.umn.edu/testing-services/lawn-garden

Once you receive the soil reports back, as a second step I would recommend that you have a professional, licensed arborist make an on-site inspection and assessment. Typically there is no charge for this. Be sure that you show him/her the soil analysis report. See:

https://extension.umn.edu/planting-and-growing-guides/how-hire-tree-care-professional

Upon doing these two things, a remedial protocol could be established. This might be in conjunction with the arborist. Alternately if you send the soil analysis to us, we could make recommendations.

See the following for information on these and related points:

https://hyg.ipm.illinois.edu/article.php?id=833

https://extension.umn.edu/trees-and-shrubs/red-maple

https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/extension/publications/iron-chlorosis-trees

Bottom line: If you do nothing, it is possible that your maple will recover and be very nice looking in 2025. Alternately, you could take steps and incur expense in 2024 in a proactive fashion. It will be your decision.

Good Luck. Thanks for consulting our forum. Of course, we are available to answer any further related questions that you might have.

An Ask Extension Expert Replied July 30, 2024, 8:24 AM EDT
I already had a soil test completed and it was one of the pictures I attached to the initial question.  Can you please review the previously attached soil test and let me know next steps.  Thank you!

On Tuesday, July 30, 2024 at 07:24:41 AM CDT, Ask Extension <<personal data hidden>> wrote:


The Question Asker Replied July 31, 2024, 11:22 AM EDT

Thanks for your response and your soil report.  I initially had difficulty in opening the report but have now succeeded.  I will attempt to get back to you by the end of this day (7/31/24).  Thanks for your patience and for consulting with us.

An Ask Extension Expert Replied July 31, 2024, 12:38 PM EDT

Thanks for your patience in my responding to you.

I am now questioning my initial statements to you. The soil report shows acceptable levels of iron, manganese, and magnesium. Moreover the soil pH (6.34) is ideal for the assimilation of these nutrients by your maple. This argues against my initial opinion of chlorosis. You now have a solid data basis upon which a professional, licensed arborist might form a diagnosis. I believe that this should be your next step. Here is the site that I previously gave you:

https://extension.umn.edu/planting-and-growing-guides/how-hire-tree-care-professional

Your soil report recommended a synthetic fertilizer with composition of 11-15-11 at 1.75 pounds per 100 square feet. I believe that this is something you should do. The soil around your maple has a very low nitrogen content. This may be a partial cause of the loss of chlorophyll in the leaves. I doubt that you will find a fertilizer with a 11-15-11 composition. However at any gardening center, you should be able to find a 10-10-10 fertilizer, which is close enough. It is a very common tree fertilizer. Measure the area around the tree where there is currently mulch. Then at 1.75 pounds per 100 square feet, determine how much of the 10-10-10 fertilizer you should add. Do this now (early August 2024).   Water it in thoroughly. Repeat this fertilizer application again around the first of September and the first of October. You may want to delay this until an arborist visits you as s/he may have some additional thoughts on fertilizing.

If after having the visit by an arborist and questions remain, please get back to us. Good Luck!!

An Ask Extension Expert Replied August 05, 2024, 9:36 PM EDT

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