Hi, 

These look like mostly dried old rust galls. This is a common ailment of Serviceberry. The best thing to do is to prune out the infection. Fungicide isn't typically recommended or warranted on single tree in home owner settings for a few reason. It can be costly, you would need to apply early in the spring before the sign of infection and then repeatedly per label directions about every 7-14 days depending on the product, and usually it isn't fool proof. Repeated use of fungicide can be harmful to pollinators and can disrupt beneficial soil microbes. 

This type of rust needs a host and eastern red cedar trees exchange the fungal spores with serviceberry and other trees in the rosacea family (chokeberry, hawthorn, crabapples etc). You can read more about it from our webpage, Rust Disease on Trees and this helpful Ohio state blog article: Are we Poised for the Return of “Cheetos Dust?”

It looks like you specifically have Cedar Quince Stem Canker Rust.

Let us know if you have further questions. 

Emily

Thank you! They definitely look like the galls in the articles. I have set a reminder to inspect for them in late March every year so I can prune them off.

It's hard to say, but based on your description, the dogwood is probably too weakened or suffered too much branch dieback to recuperate, unfortunately. Dogwoods do not have great drought tolerance, and a young or newly-installed plant (one in the ground less than a year or two) would be more vulnerable to drying out too much than an established plant. If you wanted to see if it regrows, new foliage might not appear until spring. Otherwise, you can replant at any time, as long as it can be monitored for watering needs.

Miri