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What is the cause of really HARD soil surface? #875062

Asked June 28, 2024, 9:13 AM EDT

This is maybe a no-brainer. I have been practicing no-till for the past few years. I have been using a broadfork in the fall for the past two years and then cover the soil with leaves. I moved the leaves aside, dug a small hole and planted tomato and pepper transplants. Some of the leaf coverage has dissappeared around the stems and I noticed while pulling minimal weeds, that the soil there is VERY HARD. Is this due to the pressure of all the rain drops? Is it detrimental to the plants? Should I shallow hand-cultivate to rough up the surface? I must admit that the peppers are NOT thriving, but I was attributing it to lack of sunshine and warmth. I'm anxious to hear your ideas. Thanks.

Chisago County Minnesota

Expert Response

Thank you for your interesting question! By using the no-till method and using a broadfork on your garden, you are doing everything right, according to the article I've attached below. You didn't mention what type of soil you have, but have you considered a soil test from the U of MN? Here's a link to get your test:

Soil testing for lawns and gardens | UMN Extension

You are correct in using leaves in the fall to add organic matter to your garden. You may also want to dig in some compost in the fall to strengthen your soil. Right now, I would lightly hand-cultivate around your plants to see if it helps. I think you are right about your pepper plants lack of growth - lack of sunshine and warmth. June has been quite cool and cloudy. Let's hope July brings more warmth and sunshine so we see our gardens grow!

 Reducing tillage in your garden | UMN Extension

Happy gardening!

An Ask Extension Expert Replied June 29, 2024, 12:35 PM EDT

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