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Suspected severe fungal infection on Diospyros virginiana - trying to figure out next steps #872281
Asked June 09, 2024, 12:43 PM EDT
Hello,
At our local community garden we have an American Persimmon which was planted in 2019 as a young tree received from a NYRP spring tree giveaway. In the years since, the tree has gotten fairly large and has fruited for the past three years (I know they are generally dioecious, but can occasionally be monoecious, which I believe ours is). A couple years ago someone kept leaving 4'x8' sheets of plywood propped up near the tree which I was concerned would fall and hurt the tree, and so I kept moving them out of the way. Unfortunately, someone moved them back right before a bad storm and the plywood fell onto the tree during the storm and gouged it pretty badly. In the ensuing months the tree started to show signs of a fungal infection -- black spots on leaves, some yellowing or discolored leaves, but nothing too severe.
The next spring the tree leafed out mostly normally but there were a few branches with underdeveloped leaves that were a splotchy yellow and green, and others with black spots. It was sprayed a couple times that year with a copper fungicide spray. The following spring (2023), the infection was more pronounced, with entire branches diseased and/or dead, including the leader branch. The diseased branches were pruned out and the tree was sprayed with a copper fungicide again maybe twice, and then was sprayed with Arber's bio fungicide on a few other occasions. Nothing seemed to make a difference and the infection seemed to be getting worse. Also this season, the tree started to sucker quite a bit and so a number of new trees were popping up around it.
I decided to have a more hands-off approach this spring, given that the fungicide sprays weren't helping, and tried to have hope that the tree would push through on its own. I did prune out a few branches that seemed dead, but otherwise did not intervene. Interestingly, the cross section of the larger branches looked half-dead/half-alive with a black streak dividing the two sides. Sadly, most of the tree looks pretty awful this year. There is one mostly normal branch that has typical-sized leaves and has flowered, but the rest has undersized, distorted, and discolored leaves.
I feel a bit sentimental about this tree, and also hate to lose all of those years of growth and have to start over, but I am wondering if there is anything at all that can be done to save it, or if it should be cut down? If it is removed, would it be okay to leave the small suckering trees to allow them to take over, or do they run the risk of developing the same infection? If it is all removed, will anything be able to be planted in this spot or is it an area that should be left alone for a few years?
Kings County New York
Expert Response
Hi Michelle,
That is very sad to hear. American persimmon is not disease prone and there is no obvious culprit. The first thing you need to do is determine what fungal or bacterial agent is at work by sending samples of the infected tissue to the diagnostic labs at your county's cooperative extension office. If you are in New York City, you can send your sample to the Westchester County Cornell Cooperative Extension labs. Sadly, we are not able to open HEIC files for review but if you convert them to JPEGs, I'd be happy to review your photos.
Persimmons are known to sucker and create thickets of plants. While we would normally suggest that you remove these unless you want a more naturalized look, you can keep them in this case and reduce to a single plant when the superior stem shows itself. Once you have identified the disease, you will be able to determine whether the roots and thus these side shoots will also be impacted and if there is any preventative management necessary. The extension will provide follow up information on addressing the disease that is diagnosed.
I hope that you are able to save your plant.
With best regards,
Leslie
Thank you Michelle. Some of these photos look like anthracnose which is survivable but there may be more than one issue going on and you are on the right track following up with the diagnostic lab.
All the best!