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Is it safe for other plants to introduce fireweed? #868706

Asked May 16, 2024, 12:26 PM EDT

I would like to add fireweed to my garden, but thought I should check first, in case it WOULD be a problem. 

Wayne County Michigan

Expert Response

Hello Ingrid,
Fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium) is one species of fireweed native to Michigan. There are a large number of others in this family, but I am giving you information about one of the fireweeds found in Michigan. 

While fireweed is very beneficial to areas damaged by fire, it is not often used in the home garden. This can be because of its aggressive nature. Some states have labeled it a noxious weed. It may out-compete other plants in your garden for space and nutrients. It's important to know what specific fireweed you plan to plant.

The following is an excerpt from Portland State University Extension that you may find helpful

Chamaenerion angustifolium - fireweed

Chamaenerion is a genus of perennial herbs with 8 species, 2 of which occur in North America and the Pacific Northwest (FNA 2022). The two species include Chamaenerion angustifolium and Chamaenerion latifolium (dwarf fireweed). Chamaenerion angustifolium is much more common and is larger in stature than Chamaenerion latifolium, which is restricted to montane habitats.

Chamaenerion angustifolium is a valuable plant for native landscapes and restoration projects because of its ability to quickly grow in disturbed areas, its wide range of soil tolerance (can grow in moist soils except for constantly saturated soils), its ability to compete with exotic weeds and invasive species, its long flowering time, and its value to numerous pollinators. This species is available in the native plant trade but is not a widely used horticultural species, despite its potential. It has a somewhat aggressive growth habit and can spread vegetatively in areas quickly. It should be used in situations where this is an asset rather than a liability. https://www.pdx.edu/seed-bank/chamaenerion-angustifolium

The following article from the USDA describes Chamaenerion angustifolium, including the benefits and drawbacks of having this in your garden. Remember to check the species you plan to use if it is not the one I mentioned. 
https://www.fs.usda.gov/wildflowers/plant-of-the-week/chamerion_angustifolium.shtml#:~:text=Fireweed%20can%20be%20a%20beautiful,to%20attract%20lots%20of%20pollinators.
If you need more information or have questions, don't hesitate to contact us again.

Have a good day!

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